CHRONIQUE DE PAPE
Vendredi 24 juin 2016, les députés adoptent cinq projets de loi dont un qui porte sur des accords de défense devant liant le Sénégal aux Etats-Unis et au Canada. Occasion saisie par les représentants du peuple pour se pencher sur les libérations à la pelle par voie de grâce. Et les députés ont bien raison d’inviter qui de droit à repenser la grâce présidentielle et les conditions de sa mise en œuvre. La grâce est une boîte de pandore, c’est de notoriété publique. Les Sénégalais sont quasi unanimes sur la question : Les conditions sous-tendant son octroi et le profil de ses bénéficiaires tendent plus à écorner l’image de la Justice sénégalaise qu’à rendre grâce.
La grâce est le lieu de toutes les violations flagrantes et impunies de la loi. Des personnes dont les condamnations ne sont pas définitives en bénéficient, dans des conditions troublantes. Il est fréquent qu’un prévenu soit appelé à la barre de la Cour d’appel de Dakar et que le garde pénitentiaire se rapprochant du juge, lui murmure qu’il a été libéré par voie de grâce. Récemment, un incident a failli créer un scandale au Palais de justice de Dakar où un juge a refusé de vider un dossier concernant une personne incriminée et graciée dans des conditions suspectes, avant même que l’appel ne soit examiné par la juridiction de seconde instance. Des repris de justice qui ne présentent aucun gage sérieux d’amendement en sont bénéficiaires, au détriment des ayants droit. Last but not least, certains détenus déboursent de l’argent (entre 150 mille et un million) pour espérer obtenir le ticket de sortie du milieu carcéral, avec la complicité (avérée ou présumée, c’est selon) de certains responsables de la chaine. De l’extorsion de fonds, devrait-on dire. Ceux qui butent sur les critères rigoureux fixés par la politique pénale contournent cet obstacle pour se rabattre sur la libération conditionnelle dont seuls trois critères prévalent : purger la moitié de sa peine et avoir une bonne conduite en prison.
Toutes les critiques sont dirigées contre la Direction des affaires criminelles et des grâces, composée seulement de trois magistrats. Ces derniers ne disposant pas de toutes les pièces de vérification, ne peuvent guère contrôler les cas de fraude. Alors que le problème fondamental se trouve au niveau des autorités politiques qui insèrent des noms de détenus sur les listes déjà ficelées par ladite direction… De plus, l’absence d’une législation claire sur la question est la porte ouverte à tous les abus. Aucune règlementation n’existe à propos de la grâce présidentielle, en dehors de l’article 47 de la Constitution qui dit que «le président de la République a le droit de faire grâce», selon des pénalistes. Seule une politique criminelle fixe les conditions et le profil des bénéficiaires. Et c’est tout le sens de la controverse entretenue, depuis un certain temps, par des observateurs qui considèrent que Karim ne devrait pas bénéficier d’une grâce, au motif qu’il a été déclaré coupable d’«enrichissement illicite». Or, relèvent d’autres juristes, cette infraction ne figure nullement sur la liste des infractions non éligibles à la grâce, à savoir : les crimes de sang (meurtre, assassinat, empoisonnement, parricide… sauf l’infanticide), le trafic de drogue, les affaires liées aux mœurs (viol, pédophilie…), entre autres.
Devant une telle situation, tous les acteurs de la Justice sont unanimes à considérer que la seule solution qui vaille d’être adoptée, pour mettre fin aux magouilles, deals et injustices à grande échelle qui encadrent la grâce présidentielle au Sénégal, c’est l’instauration d’une commission, comme c’est le cas pour la libération conditionnelle avec la «Commission pénitentiaire consultative de l’aménagement des peines». Ce qui aura pour intérêt de ne plus laisser le soin à l’Administration pénitentiaire de proposer des noms sur on ne sait quelle base. Après le scandale suscité par l’affaire Bada Fall, d’autres cas vont suivre avec l’audit de l’Administration pénitentiaire entamée par l’Office national de lutte contre la fraude et la corruption (Ofnac).
A lire chaque mercredi…
Par Pape NDIAYE
(Chef du desk Actualité Walf Quotidien)
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