Chronique de WATHIE
Les coups de gomme des chefs des cantons français en Afrique de l’ouest n’y feront rien. D’une encre indélébile, les Maliens sont en train d’écrire une nouvelle page de leur histoire. Celle qui vient s’ajouter aux glorieuses de leurs ancêtres (Soundiata Keita, Kankan Moussa) qui ont jadis fondé et étendu l’Empire du Mali qui correspond aujourd’hui approximativement au territoire de la CEDEAO où les royaumes devenus des Etats se sont trouvés un autre suzerain dont la grandeur dépend de la quantité leur sueur.
Ce sera la France ou le chaos. Le message est clair. Ce que Modibo Keita et ses camarades ont obtenu en 1960 ne garantit aucunement une véritable AUTODETERMINATION permettant au Peuple malien de décider pour lui-même. Ainsi, s’agissant de la sécurité dans la partie nord du pays, il n’a pas à dire ce qui est bon ou pas pour lui. Pendant des années, c’est le même procédé. Et il n’y a pas de raison que cela change. Même si, jusqu’à présent, cela n’a pas permis à l’Etat d’assurer sa présence dans plus de la moitié du territoire du pays, il faut continuer à déléguer à la France la sécurité de cette zone où se trouvent les principales mines d’or du Mali.
« La France est là où elle doit être, parce que si nous ne sommes pas là, nous avons l’assurance que le chaos s’installera ». Ainsi, comme l’indiquait Sibeth NDIAYE, alors porte-parole du gouvernement français, la France estime que sans elle il n’y a pas d’Etats dans le Sahel. A la question de savoir comment elle a fait pour se rendre indispensable à ce point, la France répond par : déstructurer la Libye.
Et c’est la bonne réponse! En effet, après avoir armé le colonel Mouammar Kadhafi pendant des décennies, en encaissant notamment en décembre 2007 ses 10 milliards d’euros en contrats de tous genres, la France de Sarkozy s’en est allée suréquiper les rebelles qui, de Benghazi, ont pris d’assaut Tripoli et disloqué la Libye. De nombreux berbères, engagés en 2011 dans cette guerre civile libyenne, sont retournés, armés jusqu’aux dents, au nord Mali qu’ils considèrent comme leur Azawad, « le berceau des Touaregs ». Ils ne firent qu’une bouchée de l’armée malienne mal équipée et en sous-effectif. C’est dans ces circonstances que le capitaine Amadou Haya Sanogo et ses camarades ont, abandonnant le front du nord, débarqué dans la capitale pour renverser Amadou Toumani Touré qui jouissait plus du pouvoir qu’il n’enclenchait de réformes. Pyromane, la France est venue jouer aux sapeurs-pompiers. La lutte contre le terrorisme en bandoulière, elle s’interpose en lançant l’opération Serval « pour empêcher les rebelles d’atteindre la capitale Bamako ». Après avoir réparé la moitié des dégâts qu’il a causés, le pays de François Hollande, qui ne fait plus cas de rebelles mais de djihadistes, change le nom de la mission qu’il inscrit dans le long terme. Alors que la reconstitution d’une armée malienne en mesure de prendre le relai au Nord était la priorité, la France et ses satellites africaines décidèrent que ce serait : « assurer la sécurité par procuration ».
Ainsi, pour les beaux yeux des Maliens qu’ils ne regardent pas, les Français engagent, depuis près de dix ans, plus de 5 mille hommes au nord du pays avec toute la logistique qui va avec. Une mission qui coûte annuellement plus cher que le budget de l’Etat malien. Et ce n’est certainement pas le pays de Macron, où il est admis que « les Etats n’ont pas d’amis mais des intérêts », qui va payer la note sans se servir allégrement de l’or du nord du Mali qu’il était jusqu’à dernièrement le seul à occuper.
« La nouvelle situation née de la fin de Barkhane plaçant le Mali devant le fait accompli et l’exposant à une espèce d’abandon en plein vol, nous conduit à explorer les voies et moyens pour mieux assurer la sécurité de manière autonome avec d’autres partenaires de manière à combler le vide que ne manquera pas de créer la fermeture certaines emprises de Barkhane dans le nord du Mali ». Ce passage du discours prononcé à la tribune de l’ONU le 25 septembre dernier par le Premier ministre malien Choguel Kokalla Maïga a été reçu du côté de la France comme un uppercut. « C’est une honte et ça déshonore ce qui n’est même pas un gouvernement », avait réagi Emmanuel Macron. Et le président français de poursuivre : « qu’ils (les dirigeants maliens) respectent leurs engagements : qu’en février il y ait des élections, qu’ils arrêtent de mettre en prison les opposants politiques, qu’ils fassent leur travail, c’est-à-dire le retour de l’Etat, ce qu’ils ne font pas depuis des mois ». N’est-ce pas-là le même refrain entonné par les chefs d’Etat de la CEDEAO ?
La France qui a reçu une gifle tente de se venger en passant par les chefs d’Etat de la CEDEAO qui, dans leur volonté d’obéir, ont enfreint les règles les plus élémentaires de l’organisation régionale dont la vocation première est de faciliter le déplacement des personnes et des biens dans la zone. Ainsi, Faure Gnassingbé, qui a succédé à son père après avoir massacré des centaines de Togolais, se retrouve dans le cercle des donneurs de leçons de démocratie.
Emmanuel Macron le sait, le meilleur moyen de diviser le Mali c’est d’organiser des élections auxquelles ne participeraient pas les régions du nord où l’Etat peine à étendre sa présence. Elire un Président sans le vote des populations du nord, c’est mettre en place un chef d’une moitié d’Etat. Quand en 2019, le moyenâgeux président du Cameroun a décidé d’organiser une présidentielle sans la participation effective des deux régions anglophones où le taux de participation a été estimé à 5%, il s’en est suivi un conflit armé dominé par un Paul Biya armé par la France.
En tenant tête à la France et au syndicat des chefs d’Etat de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, le Mali s’unit et refuse de servir l’or qui fait briller l’Hexagone. En refusant de trembler face aux aboiements, il fait aussi vibrer cette fibre patriotique de la jeunesse africaine déterminée à s’affranchir du joug du colon qui n’est jamais parti.
Mame Birame WATHIE
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