Les partis politiques, qui ne connaissent presque pas la démocratie en leur sein, flirtent de plus en plus avec le vote.
Qu’il s’agisse de mettre en place une coalition ou de l’organiser ou encore de décider de telle ou telle modification de la loi électorale, le consensus n’est plus de mise, la majorité issue d’un vote l’emporte. Une nouvelle façon de faire qui peut, dans bien des cas, porter préjudice à la démocratie.
«Au total, sur la proposition de la CENA, la majorité s’est prononcée favorablement. Je dois même dire qu’il s’agit d’une large majorité si on fait le décompte des opinions exprimées». C’est le président de la Commission électorale nationale autonome (CENA) qui s’extasie ainsi après avoir réuni une autour d’une table les représentants des listes en lice aux élections législatives à venir. S’il ne fallait le juger qu’à cette action, Doudou NDIR serait décrédibilisé avant même que la campagne officielle ne commence. Alerté par le président de la République, l’’ancien médiateur de la République s’est mis au garde à vous avec une telle automaticité que beaucoup ont été pris de court par la rapidité avec laquelle il a fait envoyer des cartons d’invitation. Mais là n’est pas le plus important.
Pour légitimer la méthode qu’elle a proposée, la CENA s’est fondée sur la position des uns et des autres pour dégager une majorité. Seulement, cette méthode, qui aurait été recommandée dans presque tous les cas, n’est guère la panacée dans ce cas de figure. Est-ce que la voix d’une liste, constituée de parfaits inconnus, qui n’a pas de candidat dans de nombreux départements, doit être équivalente à celle d’une coalition regroupant une dizaine de formations politiques ? Pour la CENA la réponse est oui. Sur les 44 présents à sa réunion du jeudi dernier, les voix 33, qui ont dit oui, suffisent à fonder une légitimité. Si aucune des 47 listes n’est parrainée et financée par le pouvoir, comme le subodorent certains, le vote aurait pu exclure toutes les figures de proue de la politique.
Suivant la logique de la CENA, les listes suivantes constituent une majorité absolue : Cadre de Réflexion pour un développement intégral (CREDI), Parti de la Paix / JAM (PDP/JAM), And Defar Senegaal / Groupe d’appui et de rénovation de l’Action populaire(A.D.S/ GARAP), Sénégal – Veine Environnement(SEVE), SUNU Parti pour la Solidarité et le développement du Sénégal (SUNU PSDS), Union Citoyenne BUNT BI (UC BUNT BI), DEFAR SENEGAAL, Convergence d’Initiative pour le Sénégal (CIS), Initiative pour une Politique de développement (I.P.D), Convergence Libérale patriotique (CLP), Parti de l’Unité et du Rassemblement (PUR), Front patriotique Républicain (FPR), Coalition And Sukali Senegaal, Convention Citoyenne NEENEN (CCN), Sunu NataageReew / Rassemblement pour la Dignité et la Prospérité (SNR / RDP), Convergence patriotique pour la justice et l’équité /Naay leer ( CPJE/ NAAY LEER), Mouvement pour l’éthique et les valeurs émergentes (REVE), Mouvement pour la renaissance républicaine (M2R), Mouvement pour la Renaissance la liberté et la démocratie (MRLD), Union pour le Fédéralisme et la Démocratie (UFD), Alliance pour la Réforme et le Développement (ARD/ AAR SENEGAAL), Vision Alternative pour le Sénégal (VISA), Dental Sénégal/ Actions Patriotiques (DS /AP), Coalition And Saxal Liggeey, Coalition Soppali, Coalition And Suxali Senegaal.
Ainsi, selon la CENA, ces listes pourraient constituer une majorité et décider d’une modification sans le consentement de la Coalition Gagnante/ Wattu Sénégal (dirigée par Me WADE) de la CoalitionManko Taxawu Senegaal (dirigée par Khalifa SALL), de la Coalition Benno Bokk Yakaar (dirigée par le PM), de la Coalition Dawi Askan Wi / Alternative du Peuple (dirigée par Ousmane SONKO), de la Coalition Joyyanti (d’Abdoul MBAYE)… En somme, ceux qui animent le jeu politique sont susceptibles d’être laissés en rade au profit de simples figurants.
Et pourtant, cette méthode est de plus en plus mise en branle dans le jeu politique. Le consensus découlant de discussions se met progressivement hors de portée des acteurs. La Coalition Manko Taxawu Senegaal dont les initiateurs s’étaient entendus sur l’organisation d’une manifestation à la place de la Nation, a volé en éclats quand il s’est agi de désigner une tête de liste nationale pour les législatives. Une implosion que le consensus n’a pu éviter et que le vote a précipitée. Idem quand il s’agit du processus électoral. Le ministre de l’Intérieur, s’il n’a pas un agenda caché, cherche une majorité derrière laquelle s’abriter pour avaliser tel ou tel projet qui aurait dû faire l’objet de consensus.
En plus de témoigner de l’incapacité des acteurs politiques à s’entendre sur bien des sujets, le vote, dans un landerneau politique sénégalais comptant près de 300 partis politiques, ne reflète pas forcément une majorité exprimant la vérité. Etant entendu que ces formations politiques sont, pour l’essentiel, issues du PDS ou du PS et ont, dans leur différence, bien des convergences.
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